Breast Implant Associated - Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma of Rapid Onset Intra-Capsular Seroma

Introduction/Purpose: Breast Implant Associated - Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma is a newer T-Cell Lymphoma effecting textured breast implants. These implant were used heavily in Europe and the United States recent years. As this body of literature continues to grow we describe a patient with rapid onset extra-capsular fluid collection with cytology proven anaplastic large cell lymphoma following breast reconstruction.

Methods or Case Description: we review the course of care for a 60 year old female who underwent breast reconstruction after left lumpectomy in 2004. She had her implants exchanged in 2015 after rupture. She was diagnosed with BIA-ALCL in 2020 after 3 weeks of swelling on her left breast. She was evaluated in multidisciplinary fashion according to guidelines and underwent removal of implants and  En bloc resection of bilateral implant capsules. 
Pathological analysis post-operatively found no malignancy in her capsule but it was present in the periprosthetic fluid collection.

Outcomes: Following implant removal and bilateral en bloc capsulectomy with pathological evaluation, she falls into the early stages of BIA-ALCL and is currently symptom free.

Conclusion: She is being followed with serial physical examination; however the role of radiological studies like MRI, PET scan for surveillance remains unclear. Further studies are required to develop further long term surveillance guidelines for patients with different stages of the disease.